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San
Pietro Basilica is situated in Città del Vaticano, the residence of
Popes since 1377.
The present church stands on the ruins of the ancient early
Christian church dedicated to Peter, where the grave of the apostle
is placed.
The dome, clearly visible from many areas of the city, dominates the
view of Rome; it was designed by Michelangelo and carried out by
Fontana and Della Porta, and is one of the most famous buildings in
the world.
Arriving in San Pietro from Via della Conciliazione you come to the
square designed by Bernini, an endless set of marvelous columns to
which two fountains (one by Maderno and one by Domenico Fontana)
join, and the central obelisk too. On the background you can see the
façade of the Basilica, designed by Maderno and finished in 1614.
Within the portico, on the façade, 5 doors open; the one that stands
on the right side is the Holy Door. This door is officially opened
by the Pope according to a special rite, exactly on Chritmas Day. |
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Built by the emperor Adrian as his mausoleum, it was begun in 123 A. D. and received the remains of the members of the imperial dynasty up to Caracalla. The original work was very different from the one you can see nowadays; its turning into a castle took place in the X century; in 1277 it became propriety of the Vatican, that joined it through the famous passetto to the Vatican walls.
The passetto is a long fortified corridor that allowed the passage of the pontiffs from the Vatican Palaces to the castle.
The name of Castel Sant'Angelo dates back to the XII century and originates from an ancient legend that tells the story of the plague in Rome in 590; according to this story the plague came to an end thanks to the apparition of an angel that alighted upon the mausoleum and made the gesture of replacing the sword in the sheath as a symbol of the accorded Grace.
To remember this event, not only the name of the monument was changed, but the statue in honor of the angel was put on the top. |
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Pantheon
is one of the greatest, the most majestic and best preserved
monuments in ancient Rome. The present building of 80 A. D., wanted
by Adrian, stands up on the ruins of the previous temple, built by
Agrippa in 27 B. C
The sight from Rotunda Square propose us the view of the portico,
and of the already mentioned inscription. When you enter, you
discover the reason why this monument is famous in the world, as an
absolute example of architectural and building skill: the immense
dome, symbol of the vault of heaven. On the top you can admire the
opening penetrated by the pencil of light that constitutes the only
luminous source of the Temple, symbol of the eternal light that
enlightens the man, and of time passing by. In fact the sensation
you can feel by visiting the building in the different hours of the
day is strictly depending on the position of the sun, and so on the
position of the ray of light inside the building; 43 mt. high, |